RACISM HAS been an ugly and persistent feature of the United States since the country was founded. Today, despite the important victories of the 1960’s civil rights movement and other struggles, racial disparities are in many respects getting worse.

In mid-March, the National Urban League released its annual State of Black America report, which found “little accountability for law enforcement responsible for killing unarmed Black men, teenagers and children; a continual assault on voting rights; [and] widening economic inequality gaps,” among other major problems.

As the report notes:

Sixty years after the landmark ruling in Brown v. Board of Education ended segregation in America’s public schools, separate and unequal is still a pervasive reality. While de jure, or legal, segregation has been abolished, de facto, or the actual practice of segregation, is greater now than it was 40 years ago.

Black and Brown students are less likely to share classrooms with white students. We also see separate and unequal levels of expectations and resources in our schools that continue to break down along economic, and thus largely color, lines.

Using government data on income and wealth, unemployment, poverty and other factors, the report calculates a Black Equality Index of only 72.2 percent–meaning that “Blacks experience less than three-fourths the quality of life experienced by white Americans,” according to the report. The Hispanic Equality Index is only a little higher, at 77.7 percent.

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RACISM IS a moral obscenity, but how can we fight it?
That depends on how we understand the problem.

“Hating people because of their color is wrong. And it doesn’t matter which color does the hating. It’s just plain wrong.”

“I refuse to accept the view that mankind is so tragically bound to the starless midnight of racism and war that the bright daybreak of peace and brotherhood can never become a reality… I believe that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final word.”

“Ignorance and prejudice are the handmaidens of propaganda. Our mission, therefore, is to confront ignorance with knowledge, bigotry with tolerance, and isolation with the outstretched hand of generosity. Racism can, will, and must be defeated.” ― Kofi Annan